The aerodynamic sources acting on a car side window, generally defined as the small wavelength sources such as turbulent eddies and boundary layer structures, are generally much larger in amplitude than the acoustic sources, those with longer wavelengths. So naturally you would expect that the aerodynamic sources have a much greater contribution on vehicle interior …
When designing an audio device, the most important thing for an engineer to consider is the quality of the sound. Quality is what makes the device valuable and differentiates it from competitors. Audio device manufacturing companies experience extremely high product development costs due to repetitive and expensive physical testing. In addition to the need …
Piezoelectric sensor-actuator technology is often used in high-tech industries like medical, mechanical, automotive engineering and semiconductor markets. Applications of piezo-based ultrasonic sensors range from fuel injectors, flow-rate metering, ultrasonic welding, and high-resolution material testing to medical diagnostics. A piezoelectric finite element analysis involves computation of coupled stress and electric field in certain crystalline materials. In …
Noise is a big problem in commercial and agricultural vehicles all around the world. While it is important for drivers to hear the sound of an engine, noise that is too loud can be uncomfortable. Government regulations on commercial and agricultural vehicles are heavy and also change from one country to another. For example, while …
Composite materials of various types (unidirectional composites, short fiber reinforced plastics, nano-composites, ceramics, etc.) exhibit highly nonlinear, anisotropic, strain-rate and temperature dependent properties in mechanical, thermal and electrical fields. They often exhibit enhanced performance with respect to density as compared to traditional structural materials. However, simulating composite structures is complicated, and usually requires a micro-mechanical, …
Astronomical telescopes enable astronomers to see into deep space and unravel the mysteries of the universe. Freeform mirrors surfaces offer substantial benefits by providing additional degrees of freedom that make it possible to improve the optical performances of the instrument. Freeform optical mirrors surfaces must be construct with nano-scale accuracy to produce clear images. Currently, …
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